Both of the providers own children are included in the count yrs. Infant — Toddlers months old 24 months — 12 Years old. Upcoming Events. Current Month. For children from birth through 1 year of age, there must be one early care and education personnel for every four children. For children 1 year of age or older, but under 2 years of age, there must be one early care and education personnel for every six children.
Close proximity of staff to these younger groups enables more rapid response to situations where young children require more assistance than older children, e. While nap time may be the best option for regular staff conferences, staff lunch breaks, and staff training, one staff person should stay in the nap room, and the above staff activities should take place in an area next to the nap room so other staff can assist if emergency evacuation becomes necessary.
If a child with a potentially life-threatening special health care need is present, a staff member trained in CPR and pediatric first aid and one trained in administration of any potentially required medication should be available at all times.
The ratios do not include other personnel such as bus drivers necessary for specialized functions such as driving a vehicle. It is the psychological base with which the school-aged child identifies and from which the child gains continual guidance and support in various activities.
These standards are based on what children need for quality nurturing care. These ratios do not include personnel who have other duties that might preclude their involvement in needed supervision while they are performing those duties, such as therapists, cooks, maintenance workers, or bus drivers. Child:staff ratios established for out-of-home child care should be maintained on all transportation the facility provides or arranges.
Drivers should not be included in the ratio. No child of any age should be left unattended in or around a vehicle, when children are in a car, or when they are in a car seat. A face-to-name count of children should be conducted prior to leaving for a destination, when the destination is reached, before departing for return to the facility and upon return. Children must receive direct supervision when they are being transported, in loading zones, and when they get in and out of vehicles.
Drivers must be able to focus entirely on driving tasks, leaving the supervision of children to other adults. This is especially important with young children who will be sitting in close proximity to one another in the vehicle and may need care during the trip. In any vehicle making multiple stops to pick up or drop off children, this also permits one adult to get one child out and take that child to a home, while the other adult supervises the children remaining in the vehicle, who would otherwise be unattended for that time 1.
Children require supervision at all times, even when buckled in seat restraints. A head count is essential to ensure that no child is inadvertently left behind in or out of the vehicle. Child deaths in child care have occurred when children were mistakenly left in vehicles, thinking the vehicle was empty. The following child:staff ratios should apply while children are swimming, wading, or engaged in water play:.
Constant and active supervision should be maintained when any child is in or around water 4. An adult should remain in direct physical contact with an infant at all times during swimming or water play 4.
The attention of an adult who is supervising children of any age should be focused on the child, and the adult should never be engaged in other distracting activities 4 , such as talking on the telephone, socializing, or tending to chores. A lifeguard should not be counted in the child:staff ratio. This ratio excludes cooks, maintenance workers, or lifeguards from being counted in the child:staff ratio if they are involved in specialized duties at the same time.
Proper ratios during swimming activities with infants are important. This reduction in turnover could reduce the costs associated with hiring and training of new staff members. Less supervision may also be required for teachers in smaller classes. Solutions: Although there is no set cost for class size reduction, many school programs may have difficulty finding the necessary resources.
Barnett, Steve. National Institute for Early Education Research, 9, Hidden curriculum , August Howes, Carollee and Robert Pianta. Applied Developmental Science, 9 3 , Rashid, H. From brilliant baby to child placed at risk: The perilous path of African American boys in early childhood education.
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